论文目录 | |
| Abstract | 第7-11页 |
| 中文摘要 | 第11-13页 |
| Charter 1. General introduction | 第13-35页 |
| 1. Overview for transgenic cotton | 第13页 |
| 2. Bt cotton growth and development | 第13-14页 |
| 2.1 Introduction of Bt gene on vegetative and reproductive organs | 第13-14页 |
| 2.2 Introduction of Bt gene on yield and components | 第14页 |
| 3. Overview for insect resistance in Bt cotton | 第14-18页 |
| 3.1 Bt transgenic cotton can kill bollworm significantly | 第14-15页 |
| 3.2 Temporal and Spatial Variation in Insecticidal Efficacy in Bt Cotton | 第15-17页 |
| 3.3 The pest could evolve resistance to Bt cotton | 第17-18页 |
| 4. Factors affected expression of insect resistance in Bt cotton | 第18-22页 |
| 4.1 Effects of Environmental Stress on insecticidal efficacy in Bt cotton | 第18-20页 |
| 4.2 Mechanisms of Changes in insecticidal efficacy in Bt cotton | 第20-22页 |
| 5. Nitrogen application on growth and insect resistance in Bt cotton | 第22-23页 |
| 5.1 nitrogen on growth | 第22-23页 |
| 5.2 nitrogen on insect resistance | 第23页 |
| 6. Research objectives | 第23-25页 |
| References | 第25-35页 |
| Charter 2. Changed Growth Characteristics with Bacillus thuringiensis GeneIntroduction and Nitrogen Regulation in Bt Cotton | 第35-55页 |
| 1. Introduction | 第36-37页 |
| 2 Materials and methods | 第37-39页 |
| 2.1 Plant Material and Experimental Design | 第37-38页 |
| 2.2 Measurements | 第38页 |
| 2.3 Statistical Analysis | 第38-39页 |
| 3 Results | 第39-49页 |
| 3.1 Effect of the Introduction of the Bt Gene into Cotton on Vegetative Organ Growth | 第39-41页 |
| 3.2 Effect of Introducing the Bt Gene into Cotton on Reproductive Organ Development | 第41-45页 |
| 3.3 Effect of Nitrogen Regulation on Vegetative and Reproductive Organ Growth andDevelopment | 第45-49页 |
| 4 Discussion | 第49-51页 |
| 4.1 Effect of the Introduction of the Bt Gene on Vegetative Growth and ReproductiveDevelopment in Cotton | 第49-50页 |
| 4.2 Effect of Nitrogen Application on Vegetative and Reproductive Growth of Bt Cotton | 第50-51页 |
| 5 Conclusion | 第51-52页 |
| References | 第52-55页 |
| Charter 3. Amino acid Composition and Level affect Bt Protein Concentration in BtCotton | 第55-75页 |
| 1. Introduction | 第56-57页 |
| 2. Materials and methods | 第57-60页 |
| 2.1. Plant material and experimental design | 第57-58页 |
| 2.2 Preparation of samples | 第58-59页 |
| 2.3 The CrylAc protein concentration assay | 第59-60页 |
| 2.4 Determination of amino acids | 第60页 |
| 2.5 Statistical analysis | 第60页 |
| 3. Results | 第60-67页 |
| 3.1 Effect of the temperature stress on leaf Bt protein and amino composition in Bt cotton | 第60-64页 |
| 3.2 The effect of inhibitors application of GPT and GS on leaf Bt protein and amino acidcomposition in Bt cotton | 第64-67页 |
| 4. Discussion | 第67-70页 |
| 4.1 The change of amino acid metabolism by external influence related to developmentstage in Bt cotton | 第67-69页 |
| 4.2 The differences in amino acid composition and their level affected Bt protein concentration inBt cotton | 第69-70页 |
| 5. Conclusions | 第70页 |
| References | 第70-75页 |
| Charter 4. Square Size affect Bt Protein Property in Bt Cotton | 第75-115页 |
| 1. Introduction | 第76-77页 |
| 2. Materials and methods | 第77-83页 |
| 2.1. Plant materials and field design | 第77-79页 |
| 2.2. Preparation of plant material | 第79页 |
| 2.3. Physiological measurements | 第79-82页 |
| 2.3.1.Square volume and dry weight | 第79页 |
| 2.3.2. The CrylA protein concentration assay | 第79-80页 |
| 2.3.3. Assay of free amino acid and soluble protein content | 第80-81页 |
| 2.3.4. Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT) and Glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT)assay | 第81页 |
| 2.3.5. Assay of protease and peptidase activity | 第81-82页 |
| 2.3.6. Total nitrogen content assay | 第82页 |
| 2.4. Statistics analysis | 第82-83页 |
| 3. Results | 第83-108页 |
| 3.1 square size on insecticidal property for different type of cultivars | 第83-85页 |
| 3.1.1 Difference of Square size between Bt cultivars | 第83-84页 |
| 3.1.2 CrylAc insecticidal protein contents of Square between cultivars | 第84-85页 |
| 3.2 Square size on insecticidal property under different planting density for the cultivars | 第85-91页 |
| 3.2.1 Square size under different planting density | 第85-86页 |
| 3.2.2 Square Bt toxin content under different planting density | 第86-88页 |
| 3.2.3 relationship between square size and Bt insecticidal content under different plantingdensity | 第88页 |
| 3.2.4 Square nitrogen metabolism under different planting density | 第88-91页 |
| 3.2.4.1 Amino acid and soluble protein content | 第88-89页 |
| 3.2.4.2 GPT and GOT | 第89-90页 |
| 3.2.4.3 protease and peptidase | 第90-91页 |
| 3.3 Square size on insecticidal property under different nitrogen rates for the cultivars | 第91-97页 |
| 3.3.1 Square size under different nitrogen rates | 第91-92页 |
| 3.3.2 Square Bt toxin content under different nitrogen rates | 第92-93页 |
| 3.3.3 relationship between square size and Bt insecticidal content under different nitrogenrates | 第93-94页 |
| 3.3.4 Square nitrogen metabolism under different planting density | 第94-97页 |
| 3.3.4.1 Amino acid and soluble protein content | 第94-95页 |
| 3.3.4.2 GPT and GOT | 第95-96页 |
| 3.3.4.3 Protease and peptidase | 第96-97页 |
| 3.4. Square size on insecticidal property by leaf-square regulation for the cultivars | 第97-108页 |
| 3.4.1 The effect of LC and SR on square size | 第97-99页 |
| 3.4.2 The effect of SR and LC on Square CrylAc insecticidal protein content | 第99-100页 |
| 3.4.3 The relationship between Square size and insecticidal protein content under artificialtreatments | 第100-102页 |
| 3.4.4. The nitrogen metabolism characteristics under artificial treatments of LC and SR | 第102-108页 |
| 4. Discussion | 第108-111页 |
| 4.1. Square size affected Bt toxin concentration | 第108-109页 |
| 4.2. Big square formation in breeding and cultural practices benefit to increase insect resistance | 第109-111页 |
| References | 第111-115页 |
| Charter 5. Boll Number and Size on Boll Wall Insecticidal Protein Content in BtCotton | 第115-155页 |
| 1. Introduction | 第116-117页 |
| 2. Materials and Methods | 第117-122页 |
| 2.1. Plant materials and field design | 第117-118页 |
| 2.2. Preparation of plant material | 第118-119页 |
| 2.3. Physiological measurements | 第119-121页 |
| 2.3.1. Boll volume | 第119页 |
| 2.3.2.The CrylAc protein concentration assay | 第119-120页 |
| 2.3.3 Assay of free amino acid and soluble protein content | 第120页 |
| 2.3.4. Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and Glutamate oxaloacetatetransaminase (GOT)assay | 第120-121页 |
| 2.3.5 Assay of protease and peptidase activity | 第121页 |
| 2.4. Statistics analysis | 第121-122页 |
| 3. Results | 第122-149页 |
| 3.1 boll number and size on insecticidal property under different planting density for the cultivars | 第122-132页 |
| 3.1.1 Boll number and size under different planting density | 第122-124页 |
| 3.1.2 boll wall Bt toxin content under different planting density | 第124-125页 |
| 3.1.3 relationship between boll number, size and boll wall Bt insecticidal content underdifferent planting density | 第125-127页 |
| 3.1.4 boll wall nitrogen metabolism under different planting density | 第127-132页 |
| 3.1.4.1 Amino acid and soluble protein content | 第127-128页 |
| 3.1.4.2 GPT and GOT | 第128-130页 |
| 3.1.4.3 protease and peptidase | 第130-132页 |
| 3.2 boll number and size on insecticidal property under different nitrogen rates for the cultivars | 第132-140页 |
| 3.2.1 boll number and size under different nitrogen rates | 第132-134页 |
| 3.2.2 boll wall Bt toxin content under different nitrogen rates | 第134-136页 |
| 3.2.3 relationship between boll number, size and boll wall Bt insecticidal content underdifferent nitrogen rates | 第136-137页 |
| 3.2.4 boll wall nitrogen metabolism under different nitrogen rates | 第137-140页 |
| 3.2.4.1 Amino acid and soluble protein content | 第137-138页 |
| 3.2.4.2 GPT and GOT | 第138-139页 |
| 3.2.4.3 protease and peptidase | 第139-140页 |
| 3.3. boll number, size on boll wall insecticidal property by leaf-square regulation for the cultivars | 第140-149页 |
| 3.3.1 The effect of LC and SR on boll size | 第140-141页 |
| 3.3.2 The effect of LC and SR on boll wall Bt protein content | 第141-142页 |
| 3.3.3 relationship between boll size and boll wall Bt insecticidal content under LC and SR | 第142-143页 |
| 3.3.4 boll wall nitrogen metabolism under LC and SR | 第143-149页 |
| 3.3.4.1 Amino acid and soluble protein content | 第143-145页 |
| 3.3.4.2 GPT and GOT | 第145-147页 |
| 3.3.4.3 protease and peptidase | 第147-149页 |
| 4. Discussions | 第149-151页 |
| 5. Conclusion | 第151页 |
| References | 第151-155页 |
| Acknowledgement | 第155-156页 |
| The publications of the author | 第156-158页 |
