论文目录 | |
摘要 | 第1-7页 |
ABSTRACT | 第7-14页 |
ABBREVIATIONS | 第14-16页 |
UNITS | 第16-17页 |
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION | 第17-35页 |
1.1 Background on solar energy and the PV technologies | 第17-19页 |
1.2 Overview of Photovoltaic industry | 第19-29页 |
1.2.1 Photovoltaic global market share | 第19-21页 |
1.2.2 Chinese photovoltaic market from 2000 to 2014 | 第21-26页 |
1.2.3 Global production and consumption of gallium | 第26-27页 |
1.2.4 Global production and consumption of indium | 第27-28页 |
1.2.5 China’s consumption of gallium and indium in 2014 | 第28-29页 |
1.3 Literature review on related research | 第29-31页 |
1.3.1 End of life options for PV modules | 第29页 |
1.3.2 Possible recycling techniques and infrastructures for PV modules | 第29页 |
1.3.3 Economic benefits of recycling PV modules | 第29-30页 |
1.3.4 Availability of nonferrous metals: gallium and indium | 第30-31页 |
1.4 Gaps in research and research objectives | 第31-32页 |
1.5 Research tool and system boundary | 第32-35页 |
CHAPTER 2. CIGS SOLAR PANELS | 第35-43页 |
2.1 Basic structure of CIGS PV modules | 第35-37页 |
2.2 Mechanism by which CIGS solar cells works | 第37-38页 |
2.3 Stages in the life cycle of CIGS solar panels | 第38-40页 |
2.4 Using recycling as end of life option for CIGS solar panels | 第40-43页 |
2.4.1 Main industry recyclers of thin film modules | 第40-41页 |
2.4.2 End of life management model for recycling program | 第41-42页 |
2.4.3 End of life management model for economic viability | 第42-43页 |
CHAPTER 3. METHODOLOGY | 第43-63页 |
3.1 Methodology for economic assessment | 第43-55页 |
3.1.1 Investment cost | 第44-45页 |
3.1.2 Operational costs | 第45-51页 |
3.1.3 Projected profit from recycling EOL CIGS PV modules | 第51-55页 |
3.2 Methodology for environmental assessment | 第55-63页 |
3.2.1 Energy assessment | 第56-57页 |
3.2.2 Carbon emissions assessment | 第57-58页 |
3.2.3 Benefits of recycling CIGS solar panels | 第58页 |
3.2.4 Qualitative assessment of chemical reagents used in the production of primary gallium and indium | 第58-61页 |
3.2.5 Qualitative assessment of chemical reagents used in the recycling process | 第61-63页 |
CHAPTER 4. FUTURE SUSTAINABILITY OF GALLIUM AND INDIUM IN THE PV INDUSTRY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CIGS SOLAR PANELS | 第63-82页 |
4.1 Results | 第63-77页 |
4.1.1 Economic impacts | 第63-66页 |
4.1.2 Environmental impact | 第66-70页 |
4.1.3 Reserves of gallium and indium | 第70-73页 |
4.1.4 Potential environmental impacts of the recycling process | 第73-74页 |
4.1.5 Potential environmental impacts if CIGS solar panels are not recycled | 第74-77页 |
4.2 Discussion | 第77-80页 |
4.3 Uncertainty Analysis | 第80-82页 |
4.3.1 Economic uncertainty analysis | 第80-81页 |
4.3.2 Environmental uncertainty analysis | 第81-82页 |
CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS | 第82-84页 |
5.1. Conclusion | 第82-83页 |
5.2 Recommendations | 第83-84页 |
REFERENCES | 第84-100页 |
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | 第100-102页 |
RESUME | 第102-103页 |